Runs-test

Install required packages

DescTools

wants <- c("DescTools")
has   <- wants %in% rownames(installed.packages())
if(any(!has)) install.packages(wants[!has])

Runs-test

Using RunsTest() from package DescTools

queue <- factor(c("f", "m", "m", "f", "m", "f", "f", "f"))
library(DescTools)
RunsTest(queue, alternative="greater")

    Runs Test for Randomness

data:  queue
runs = 5, m = 5, n = 3, p-value = 0.5714
alternative hypothesis: true number of runs is greater than expected

Manual permutation test

Exact test

Nj    <- table(queue)
(runs <- rle(levels(queue)[as.numeric(queue)]))

Run Length Encoding
  lengths: int [1:5] 1 2 1 1 3
  values : chr [1:5] "f" "m" "f" "m" "f"

(rr <- length(runs$lengths))

[1] 5

(rr1 <- table(runs$values)[1])

f 
3 

(rr2 <- table(runs$values)[2])

m 
2 

getP <- function(r1, r2, n1, n2) {
    # iterations of a symbol <= total number of this symbol?
    stopifnot(r1 <= n1, r2 <= n2)

    # probability in case r1+r2 is uneven
    p <- (choose(n1-1, r1-1) * choose(n2-1, r2-1)) / choose(n1+n2, n1)

    # probability in case r1+r2 is even: twice the uneven case
    ifelse(((r1+r2) %% 2) == 0, 2*p, p)
}

n1    <- Nj[1]
n2    <- Nj[2]
N     <- sum(Nj)
rMin  <- 2
(rMax <- ifelse(n1 == n2, N, 2*min(n1, n2) + 1))

f 
7 

p3.2 <- getP(3, 2, n1, n2)
p2.3 <- getP(2, 3, n1, n2)
p3.3 <- getP(3, 3, n1, n2)
p4.3 <- getP(4, 3, n1, n2)

(pGrEq <- p3.2 + p2.3 + p3.3 + p4.3)

[1] 0.5714286

p2.2 <- getP(2, 2, n1, n2)
p1.2 <- getP(1, 2, n1, n2)
p2.1 <- getP(2, 1, n1, n2)
p1.1 <- getP(1, 1, n1, n2)

(pLess <- p2.2 + p1.2 + p2.1 + p1.1)

[1] 0.4285714

pGrEq + pLess

[1] 1

Normal approximation

muR   <- 1 + ((2*n1*n2) / N)
varR  <- (2*n1*n2*(2*n1*n2 - N)) / (N^2 * (N-1))
rZ    <- (rr-muR) / sqrt(varR)
(pVal <- 1-pnorm(rZ))

        f 
0.4184066 

Detach (automatically) loaded packages (if possible)

try(detach(package:DescTools))

Get the article source from GitHub

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